The engine powered skid-steer loader comprises a small and rigid frame, equipped together with lift arms which can connect to lots of industrial attachments and tools so as to perform a wide variety of labor saving jobs. Usually, skid-steer loaders are four-wheel drive vehicles which have the left-hand side wheels working independent of the right-hand side wheels, although various models are outfitted along with tracks instead. On the four-wheel models, having each side independent of each other enables the rotation direction of the wheels and the wheel speed to determine which direction the loader will turn.
These machinery could "pirouette" or otherwise known as zero-radius turning. This feature makes skid-steer loaders exceptionally maneuverable and valuable for applications that need a compact and agile loader.
On a skid-steer loader, the lift arms are at the side of the driver with pivot points at the rear of the driver's shoulders. This makes them different compared to a conventional front loader. Due to the operator's nearness to moving booms, early skid loaders were not as safe as traditional front loaders, especially through the operator's entry and exit. Today's' modern skid-steer loaders have numerous features so as to protect the driver like fully-enclosed cabs. Like various front loaders, the skid-steer model can push materials from one place to another, is capable of loading material into a trailer or a truck and can carry material in its bucket.
More often than not a skid-steer loader can be used on a jobsite in place of a large excavator by digging a hole from the inside. To start with, the skid-steer loader digs a ramp leading to the edge of the desired excavation, and then it makes use of the ramp to be able to excavate material out of the hole. As the excavation deepens, the equipment reshapes the ramp making it longer and steeper. This is a very helpful way for digging underneath a building where there is not enough overhead clearance for the boom of a large excavator. For example, this is a common scenario when digging a basement under an existing building or house.
There is much flexibility in the accessories which the skid steer loaders are capable of. Like for instance, the conventional bucket of many of these loaders could be replaced with numerous attachments which are powered by the loader's hydraulic system, consisting of mowers, snow blades, cement mixers, pallet forks, backhoes, tree spades and sweepers. Some other popular specialized buckets and attachments consist of trenchers, angle booms, dumping hoppers, wood chipper machines, grapples, tillers, stump grinders rippers, wheel saws and snow blades.
The front end 3-wheeled loader was invented in the year 1957, by Louis and Cyril Keller in their hometown of Rothsay, in the state of Minnesota. The Keller brothers created this machine in order to help mechanize the method of cleaning in turkey barns. This particular equipment was compact and light and had a rear caster wheel that allowed it to maneuver and turn around within its own length, enabling it to carry out the same tasks as a traditional front-end loader.
The Melroe brothers of Melroe Manufacturing Company in Gwinner, N.D. purchased during 1958, the rights to the Keller loader. The business then hired the Keller brothers to help with development of the loader. The M-200 Melroe was actually the end result of this partnership. This model was a self-propelled loader that was launched to the market during 1958. The M-200 Melroe featured a a 750 lb capacity, two independent front drive wheels, a rear caster wheel and a 12,9 HP engine. By 1960, they replaced the caster wheel together with a back axle and introduced the very first 4 wheel skid steer loader that was known as the M-400.
The term "Bobcat" is used as a generic term for skid-steer loaders. The M-400 soon after became the Melroe Bobcat. The M-440 version has rated operating capacity of 1100 lbs powered by a 15.5 HP engine. The business continued the skid-steer development into the middle part of the 1960s and launched the M600 loader.
Many makers have their own models of the skid steer loader that is simply called a Skidsteer in the construction industry. Bobcat, Komatsu, Mustang, john Deere, JLG, New Holland, Gehl Company, LiuGong, ASV, Hyundai, JCB and caterpillar are some for instance, among others.